منابع مشابه
The reptilian brain
Figure 1. Vertebrate phylogeny, gross brain morphology, and homologous regions in the forebrain. (A) Phylogenetic tree of vertebrates and timeline of major events in amniote evolution. Shaded area in the phylogenetic tree indicates ‘reptiles’ as defi ned in the text. Red lines (lower panel) indicate the origin of amniotes (320 million years ago), the origin of dinosaurs (230 million years ago) ...
متن کاملUltrastructure of Reptilian Myoneural Junction
The description of motor end-plates by Doy~re (15) in 1840 initiated a series of light microscope investigations leading to the cytological concepts of the structure of the motor end-plate described in the papers of Ktihne (26), Tiegs (44), Couteaux (6-10), and Gutman and Young (22). The hundredfold or more higher resolution of the electron microscope (EM) clearly offers promise of distinct adv...
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sensitivity curve for 1° 200 ms. flashes on a white background may be a rather precise indicator of the functioning of the opponent-color system. Thus, although J. T. believed that his right eye was normal, the corresponding spectral sensitivity curve (continuous curve, Fig. 3) lies near the limit of the normal range, indicating that his right eye may have been partially affected by a similar d...
متن کاملCortical Evolution: Introduction to the Reptilian Cortex
Some 320 million years ago (MYA), the evolution of a protective membrane surrounding the embryo, the amnion, enabled vertebrates to develop outside water and thus invade new terrestrial niches. These amniotes were the ancestors of today’s mammals and sauropsids (reptiles and birds). Present-day reptiles are a diverse group of more than 10,000 species that comprise the sphenodon, lizards, snakes...
متن کاملReptilian Eyes and Orbital Structures
The anatomy of the reptilian eye is similar across species, generally, but the eyes of various taxa differ in details. The eyeball is formed of layers and has three chambers. Pupil shape differs among reptilian taxa with behavior. The retina’s photosensitive cells (rods and cones or allcones) transmit signals to the optic nerve, which is an extension of the brain. Retinal sensitivity is increas...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Spermatogenesis
سال: 2011
ISSN: 2156-5562
DOI: 10.4161/spmg.1.3.18092